I-9 Acceptable Documents: The Complete Employer Guide

You have three business days from the employee's first day of work to examine their documents and complete Section 2 of Form I-9. If you hire someone for less than three business days, Section 2 must be completed on the first day of employment. As of March 2026, missing this deadline is a substantive violation — meaning immediate fines of $288 to $2,861 per form with no correction window. Penalties increase sharply if an audit uncovers unauthorized workers.
Below is the complete list of 25 acceptable documents for Form I-9, organized by list, with practical guidance on receipts, combination documents, document examination, and the most common employer mistakes.

Updated April 2026
Patricia Duarte, Director of Compliance
15 min read
Quick Answer

There are 25 acceptable documents for Form I-9, organized into three lists. List A has 6 documents (proving both identity and work authorization). List B has 12 documents (identity only — 9 standard plus 3 for minors). List C has 7 document categories (employment authorization only). An employee presents either one List A document OR one List B document plus one List C document. The employer cannot choose which documents the employee presents.

The Rule: Present one document from List A alone — OR — one from List B + one from List C together. The employee chooses. The employer cannot specify which documents to present.

List A Documents: Identity and Employment Authorization

List A contains 6 documents that prove both identity and work authorization in a single document (or approved combination). If an employee presents a valid List A document, do not ask for List B or List C documents.

All List A documents must be unexpired.

#
Document
Issuing Authority
Notes
1
U.S. Passport or U.S. Passport Card
U.S. Department of State
Issued to U.S. citizens and noncitizen nationals. Most common List A document.
2
Permanent Resident Card (Form I-551)
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)
Also called a "Green Card." Multiple card designs exist — all valid until expiration. Permanent resident status does not expire when the physical card does — you may never reverify a green card holder. Cards may be extended past expiration via Form I-797 receipt notice or Federal Register notice.
3
Foreign passport with temporary I-551 stamp or I-551 printed notation on a machine-readable immigrant visa (MRIV)
Foreign government (passport) + USCIS (stamp/notation)
Issued to lawful permanent residents who do not yet have their Permanent Resident Card. Subject to reverification.
4
USCIS
Contains a photograph. Multiple card designs exist — all valid until expiration. EAD renewals filed before Oct. 30, 2025 may qualify for an automatic extension of up to 540 days past expiration for certain category codes. Renewals filed on or after Oct. 30, 2025 are no longer eligible for automatic extensions. For TPS-based EADs, H.R. 1 (effective July 22, 2025) caps auto-extensions at one year or the TPS designation duration, whichever is shorter.
5
Foreign passport with Form I-94/I-94A (Arrival-Departure Record) bearing an endorsement to work
Foreign government (passport) + U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) (I-94)
For nonimmigrants authorized to work for a specific employer based on their status. Must not be expired and proposed employment must not conflict with any restrictions on the I-94. Some nonimmigrants (F-1 and J-1) must also present additional documents — see Combination Documents below.
6
Passport from the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) or the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) with Form I-94
FSM or RMI (passport) + CBP (I-94)
For individuals admitted under the Compact of Free Association.
Key rule: An employee who presents a List A document should never be asked for List B or List C documents. Requesting additional documents beyond what is required is a violation of anti-discrimination law under Section 274B of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA).

What These Documents Look Like

Document
Image
What to Look For
U.S. Passport
Blue cover, eagle seal. Check expiration date on data page.
U.S. Passport Card
Wallet-sized card. Same authority as passport book.
Permanent Resident Card (Green Card)
Multiple designs since 1977 — all valid. Front: USCIS# (A-Number). Back: 13-digit Document Number (goes in Section 2).
Employment Authorization Document (EAD)
Card with photo. Front: USCIS# (A-Number) + category code. Multiple designs — all valid until expiration.
I-551 Stamp (ADIT Stamp)
Red stamp in a foreign passport. Temporary evidence of permanent residence.
Social Security Card — Unrestricted vs. Restricted
Unrestricted: no restriction text (List C). Restricted: "VALID FOR WORK ONLY WITH DHS AUTHORIZATION" or similar (NOT acceptable as List C).

List B Documents: Identity Only

List B contains 12 documents that prove identity only (9 standard documents plus 3 for minors under age 18). An employee who presents a List B document must also present a List C document (employment authorization). All List B documents must be unexpired.
E-Verify employers: If your employee presents a List B + List C combination, the List B document must contain a photograph.

Standard List B Documents (9)

#
Document
Issuing Authority
1
Driver's license or ID card issued by a U.S. state or outlying territory
Must contain a photograph or identifying information (name, date of birth, sex, height, eye color, and address). Includes D.C., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and CNMI. State-restricted notations are acceptable for Form I-9.
2
ID card issued by a federal, state, or local government agency
Must contain a photograph or identifying information. Includes PIV cards, common access cards (CAC), state employee IDs, and prison IDs. Does not include DMV-issued licenses/IDs (those are List B #1).
3
School ID card with a photograph
Must include a photo.
4
Voter's registration card
No photo required.
5
U.S. military card or draft record
Issued to active-duty personnel, selected reserve, DoD civilian employees, and eligible contractor personnel.
6
Military dependent's ID card
Issued to U.S. military family members and retirees.
7
U.S. Coast Guard Merchant Mariner Card
8
Native American tribal document
9
Driver's license issued by a Canadian government authority

List B Documents for Minors Under 18 (3)

#
Document
10
School record or report card
11
Clinic, doctor, or hospital record
12
Day-care or nursery school record
Special rule for minors: If a minor cannot present any identity document from List B, a parent or legal guardian may establish the minor's identity by completing Section 1 on the minor's behalf and signing a Preparer and/or Translator Certification in Supplement A. The minor then only needs to present a List C employment authorization document.
Reverification: List B documents prove identity only — they never require reverification when they expire. Reverification is only required when List A or List C employment authorization documents expire. Do not reverify an employee solely because their driver's license or other List B document has expired.

List C Documents: Employment Authorization Only

List C contains 7 document categories that prove employment authorization only. An employee who presents a List C document must also present a List B document (identity). All List C documents must be unexpired.
#
Document
Issuing Authority
Notes
1
U.S. Social Security card (unrestricted)
Social Security Administration (SSA)
Must NOT contain any of these restrictions: "NOT VALID FOR EMPLOYMENT," "VALID FOR WORK ONLY WITH INS AUTHORIZATION," or "VALID FOR WORK ONLY WITH DHS AUTHORIZATION." Must not be laminated. Employees with temporary work authorization (H-1B, TPS, DACA, parolees) receive restricted cards — they must present a different List C document or a List A document instead.
2
Certification of report of birth issued by the U.S. Department of State
U.S. Department of State
Includes Forms DS-1350, FS-545, and FS-240. May vary in color and paper. Will include a raised seal.
3
Original or certified copy of a birth certificate
State, county, or municipal authority, or U.S. territory
Must bear an official seal. Puerto Rico birth certificates must be issued on or after July 1, 2010.
4
Native American tribal document
Tribal authority
5
Form I-197, U.S. Citizen ID Card
USCIS (formerly INS)
6
Form I-179, ID Card for Use of Resident Citizen in the United States
USCIS (formerly INS)
No expiration date — valid indefinitely.
7
Employment authorization document issued by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
DHS
Includes but is not limited to: Form I-94 issued to asylees or work-authorized nonimmigrants, Form I-571 (Refugee Travel Document), Form I-327 (Reentry Permit), Form N-560/N-561 (Certificate of Citizenship), Form N-550/N-570 (Certificate of Naturalization), and Form I-797 in combination with an expired Form I-551 for conditional residents. Does NOT include Form I-766/EAD (that is a List A document).

Who Gets an Unrestricted Social Security Card?

Unrestricted cards (acceptable as List C) are only issued to:

U.S. citizens
Noncitizen nationals of the U.S.
Lawful permanent residents
Refugees
Asylees
Citizens of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, or the Republic of Palau admitted under a Compact of Free Association

What to Record in Section 2

For every document you examine, record these four fields in Section 2. As of March 2026, leaving any field blank is a substantive violation — even if you retained a photocopy.
Field
Where to Find It
Example
Document title
The name of the document (e.g., "U.S. Passport," "Employment Authorization Document")
U.S. Passport
Issuing authority
The entity that issued the document (e.g., "U.S. Department of State," "USCIS," state name)
U.S. Department of State
Document number
The unique number on the document. For green cards, use the 13-digit number on the back of the card — not the A-Number on the front. For EADs, use the Card Number on the front.
ABC1234567890
Expiration date
The date the document expires. Write "N/A" if the document has no expiration (e.g., unrestricted SS card, Form I-179).
12/15/2028
Common recording mistake: The #1 error is entering the A-Number (USCIS#) in the Document Number field. The A-Number goes in Section 1 (employee fills it in). The Document Number in Section 2 is the physical card's unique identifier — a different number. See our green card number guide and EAD card guide for detailed breakdowns.

Not Sure If Your I-9 Process Is Compliant?

Document errors are the #1 finding in I-9 audits — and each one carries a fine of up to $2,861. Use our free I-9 Risk Calculator to estimate your financial exposure in under 2 minutes, or schedule a free compliance call with our team.

Who Gets Which Document: Cross-Reference Matrix

Not every Form I-9 document is available to every employee. Which documents a person can present depends on their immigration status: U.S. citizen, noncitizen national, lawful permanent resident, or alien authorized to work. Many List A documents contain an Alien Registration Number (A-Number) that the employee must enter in Section 1. The table below maps all 25 acceptable documents to the four immigration status categories recognized on Form I-9. Use this to understand — not to dictate — which documents an employee might present.
Document
List
U.S. Citizen
Noncitizen National
Lawful Permanent Resident
Alien Authorized to Work
U.S. Passport or Passport Card
A
Yes
Yes
Permanent Resident Card (Form I-551)
A
Yes
Foreign passport + temporary I-551 stamp/MRIV
A
Yes
Employment Authorization Document (Form I-766)
A
Yes
Foreign passport + Form I-94 with work endorsement
A
Yes
FSM or RMI passport + Form I-94
A
Yes
Driver's license / state ID
B
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Federal/state/local government ID
B
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
School ID with photo
B
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Voter's registration card
B
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
U.S. military card or draft record
B
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Military dependent's ID
B
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Coast Guard Merchant Mariner Card
B
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Native American tribal document
B
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Canadian driver's license
B
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Social Security card (unrestricted)
C
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes*
Certification of Birth Abroad (FS-545, DS-1350, FS-240)
C
Yes
Yes
U.S. birth certificate (original or certified)
C
Yes
Yes
Native American tribal document
C
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Form I-197, U.S. Citizen ID Card
C
Yes
Form I-179, Resident Citizen ID Card
C
Yes
DHS employment authorization document (List C #7)
C
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
*While the Social Security card column shows "Yes" for all four status categories, unrestricted cards (the only type acceptable as a List C document) are issued only to U.S. citizens, noncitizen nationals, lawful permanent residents, refugees, asylees, and citizens of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, or the Republic of Palau admitted under a Compact of Free Association. Other aliens authorized to work receive restricted Social Security cards that are not acceptable as List C documents.

Source: USCIS I-9 Central, "Who is Issued This Document?"

Acceptable Receipts for Form I-9

Sometimes an employee cannot present the actual document and instead provides a receipt. There are 3 core types of acceptable receipts for Form I-9, plus additional I-94 receipts for specific populations. You can accept these receipts as temporary stand-ins while the employee obtains the actual document. However, you cannot accept receipts if employment will last less than three business days. You also cannot accept a receipt for an initial grant of employment authorization.

Three Core Receipt Types

Receipt for a replacement of a lost, stolen, or damaged document (List A, B, or C)

Valid for 90 days from the date of hire (or from the date employment authorization expired, for reverification).
The employee must present the replacement document within 90 days. If the actual replacement is unavailable but the employee presents other valid documentation within the 90-day period, you may accept it and complete a new Section 2 attached to the original Form I-9.
You may not accept a second receipt after the first receipt expires.

Form I-94 with temporary I-551 stamp and photograph (List A receipt)

Issued to lawful permanent residents who do not yet have their Permanent Resident Card.
Valid until the expiration date on the stamp, or one year after issuance if the stamp has no expiration date.
When it expires, the employee must present their Permanent Resident Card.

Form I-94 with refugee admission stamp or "RE" notation (List A receipt)

Issued to refugees.
Valid for 90 days from the date of hire (or from the date employment authorization expired, for reverification).
When it expires, the employee must present either Form I-766 (EAD) or a combination of a List B document and an unrestricted Social Security card.

Additional I-94 Receipts for Specific Populations

USCIS also recognizes certain I-94 forms as acceptable List A receipts for specific populations:

I-94 with class of admission "OAR" — Valid for 90 days (or until I-94 expiration, whichever is less).
I-94 with class of admission "PAR" indicating Afghanistan as country of citizenship — Valid for 90 days (or until I-94 expiration, whichever is less).
I-94 with class of admission "UHP" with entry on or before Sept. 30, 2024 — Valid for 90 days (or until I-94 expiration, whichever is less).
I-94 with class of admission "DT" issued between Feb. 24, 2022, and Sept. 30, 2024, indicating Ukraine as country of citizenship — Valid for 90 days (or until I-94 expiration, whichever is less).

When any of these receipts expire, the employee must present either an unexpired EAD or a List B document paired with an unrestricted Social Security card.

How to Record Receipts in Section 2

When the employee first presents a receipt:

  • Write "Receipt" followed by the document title in the appropriate List A, B, or C column in Section 2.

When the receipt expires and the employee presents the actual document:

  • Cross out the word "Receipt."
  • Record the replacement document information in the Additional Information field.
  • Initial and date the change.

If the employee presents different but acceptable documentation instead of the original replacement:

  • Complete a new Section 2 and attach it to the original Form I-9.
  • Note the reason in the Additional Information box (document delays, status changes, etc.).

Combination Documents for Students and Exchange Visitors

Certain nonimmigrant employees must present multiple documents together to satisfy a single List A entry. These "combination documents" count as one List A document.

F-1 Students in Curricular Practical Training (CPT)

An F-1 student participating in CPT presents all three of the following as one List A document:

  1. Unexpired foreign passport
  2. Form I-94 indicating F-1 nonimmigrant status
  3. Form I-20 with the Designated School Official (DSO) endorsement for employment

In Section 2, record information from all three documents. Use the second and third List A fields and the Additional Information area as needed.

Alternatively, an F-1 CPT student can choose to present List B + List C instead. For example: a state driver's license (List B) and a Form I-94 indicating F-1 status with a properly endorsed Form I-20 (List C #7).

J-1 Exchange Visitors

A J-1 exchange visitor presents all three of the following as one List A document:

  1. Unexpired foreign passport
  2. Form I-94 indicating J-1 nonimmigrant status
  3. Form DS-2019 with the responsible officer's endorsement for employment

The J-1 exchange visitor cannot work after the program end date on the DS-2019. In Section 2, record information from all three documents and note the responsible officer's documentation in the Additional Information field.

J-1 students who also have a letter from the responsible officer authorizing employment may present those documents as well.

How to Examine Documents for Form I-9

*While the Social Security card column shows "Yes" for all four status categories, unrestricted cards (the only type acceptable as a List C document) are issued only to U.S. citizens, noncitizen nationals, lawful permanent residents, refugees, asylees, and citizens of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, or the Republic of Palau admitted under a Compact of Free Association. Other aliens authorized to work receive restricted Social Security cards that are not acceptable as List C documents.
USCIS does not require you to be a document expert. The standard is reasonableness: you must accept documents that reasonably appear to be genuine and relate to the person presenting them.

What "Reasonably Genuine" Means

You are examining the document for obvious signs that it is fake or does not belong to the employee. You do not need specialized training or equipment. Look at the document, compare the name and photo (if present) to the person in front of you, and confirm it appears legitimate.

When to Accept a Document

Accept the document if:

  • It is on the Lists of Acceptable Documents
  • It reasonably appears to be genuine
  • It relates to the employee presenting it (name matches, photo matches)
  • It is unexpired (or qualifies for an automatic extension)

Handling Name Discrepancies

Situation What to Do
Employee writes multiple last names in Section 1, but the document shows only one of them Ask the reason. If the document reasonably appears genuine and relates to the employee, accept it. Attach a memo to Form I-9 explaining the discrepancy.
Document name is spelled slightly differently than the name in Section 1 Ask the reason. If it reasonably appears genuine and relates to the employee, accept it. Ask the employee to correct the name in Section 1 and initial the change, provide a different document, or provide a corrected document.
Document name is completely or substantially different from the name in Section 1 Ask the reason. If the employee states it is their legal name and you are satisfied the document relates to them, you may accept it. Attach a memo explaining the discrepancy. If the employee voluntarily provides proof of a name change, you may keep a copy with the memo.

When to Reject a Document

If a document does not reasonably appear to be genuine or does not appear to relate to the employee, reject it and ask for a different document from the Lists of Acceptable Documents. If the employee cannot present any acceptable documentation, you may terminate employment.

Anti-Discrimination Rules

Federal law prohibits employers from:

  • Requesting specific documents. You cannot tell an employee which document to present. They choose.
  • Requesting more documents than required. If an employee presents a valid List A document, do not ask for List B or List C documents.
  • Rejecting documents that reasonably appear genuine. You cannot refuse a valid-looking document because you prefer a different one.
  • Treating employees differently based on national origin, citizenship status, or immigration status. Applying different verification standards to different employees is discrimination under INA Section 274B.

For more information, contact the Department of Justice's Immigrant and Employee Rights Section (IER) at 1-800-255-7688.

How to Examine Documents for Form I-9

These are the eight document-handling errors that show up most often in I-9 audits. Each one can result in a fine of $288 to $2,861 per form. As of March 2026, several of these are now classified as substantive violations with no correction window.

1. Telling Employees Which Documents to Bring

Saying "bring your passport" or "we need a driver's license and Social Security card" is document abuse — even if you say it to every employee equally. The law requires you to present the Lists of Acceptable Documents and let the employee choose.

2. Rejecting Valid Documents

If a Permanent Resident Card looks different from what you've seen before, that does not make it invalid. USCIS redesigns the card every three to five years. All previous designs remain valid until the card's expiration date. The same applies to EADs.

3. Accepting Restricted Social Security Cards

Social Security cards stamped "NOT VALID FOR EMPLOYMENT," "VALID FOR WORK ONLY WITH INS AUTHORIZATION," or "VALID FOR WORK ONLY WITH DHS AUTHORIZATION" are not acceptable as List C documents. If an employee presents a restricted card, ask for a different List C document or a List A document instead.

4. Missing the Three-Day Deadline

Section 2 must be completed within three business days of the employee's first day of work for pay. As of March 2026, missing this deadline is a substantive violation — no correction window, immediate fine exposure. Even if the employee's documents are perfectly valid, a late Section 2 is fineable on its own.

5. Incomplete Document Recording

Every field in Section 2 must be filled in completely: document title, issuing authority, document number, and expiration date. As of March 2026, leaving any of these fields blank is a substantive violation — even if you retained a legible photocopy of the document. The days of relying on copies to fill in missing information during an audit are over.

6. Accepting Photocopies

When physically examining documents, you must examine originals. Copies are not acceptable — with one exception: certified copies of birth certificates are allowed. If your organization uses remote document examination under the E-Verify alternative procedure, different rules apply.

7. Not Recording Receipt Replacements

If an employee initially presents a receipt, you must follow up when it expires. Cross out "Receipt," record the actual document information, initial, and date the change. Failing to update the receipt is a common audit finding.

8. Over-Documenting

Requesting both a List A document and List B + List C documents is a violation, even if the employee offers them. If you see a List A document, stop there. Do not record List B and List C documents.

"The most common mistake I see is well-meaning employers who hand new hires a list and say 'bring your passport and Social Security card.' They think they're being helpful, but they've just committed document abuse — and it doesn't matter that they said it to everyone. The law is clear: show them the list, and let them choose."

PD
Patricia Duarte
Director of Compliance, i9 Intelligence

How I-9 Software Prevents Document Errors

Manual I-9 processes rely on the person filling out the form to know every rule, deadline, and exception. That works until it doesn't — and in an audit, "I didn't know" is not a defense.

I-9 compliance software eliminates the most common document errors by:

Guiding document selection. The system presents acceptable documents and validates that the employee's choice satisfies List A or List B + List C requirements — preventing over-documentation and invalid combinations.
Flagging restricted Social Security cards. Built-in validation catches restricted cards before they're recorded as List C documents.
Tracking receipt deadlines. Automated alerts notify you before the 90-day receipt period expires so replacement documents are collected on time.
Enforcing the three-day deadline. The system tracks each employee's start date and flags incomplete Section 2 forms before the deadline passes.
Storing documents digitally. Digital records create an auditable trail that demonstrates good faith compliance during a U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) audit.
Managing reverification. When a List A or List C document expires, the system alerts you to reverify employment authorization before the deadline.

See how i9 Intelligence automates document verification or learn about our remote Section 2 verification service — where a trained i9 Intelligence agent completes Section 2 over a live video call, so your team never has to examine a document again.

Frequently Asked Questions

What documents do I need for an I-9?

An employee must present either one document from List A (which proves both identity and employment authorization) or one document from List B (identity) plus one document from List C (employment authorization). There are 25 total acceptable documents across the three lists. The employee — not the employer — chooses which documents to present. See the full lists above.

Can an employer require specific documents for Form I-9?

No. Federal anti-discrimination law under Section 274B of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) prohibits employers from specifying which documents an employee must present. You must show the employee the Lists of Acceptable Documents and accept any valid document or combination they choose. Requiring a specific document — even if you require it of all employees — is document abuse.

Can I accept an expired document for Form I-9?

Generally, no. All documents presented for Form I-9 must be unexpired. However, some documents may qualify as unexpired through automatic extensions. An Employment Authorization Document (EAD, Form I-766) with certain category codes may be automatically extended up to 540 days past its expiration date — but only if a timely renewal was filed before Oct. 30, 2025. Renewals filed on or after that date are no longer eligible for automatic extensions. For TPS-based EADs, H.R. 1 (effective July 22, 2025) caps auto-extensions at one year or the TPS designation duration, whichever is shorter. A Permanent Resident Card may also be extended via Form I-797 receipt notice — and note that permanent resident status itself does not expire when the card does. Check with your compliance team or USCIS guidance when an employee presents a document with a past expiration date.

Are receipts acceptable for Form I-9?

Yes, but only three specific types of receipts and only for a temporary period. You can accept: (1) a receipt for a replacement of a lost, stolen, or damaged List A, B, or C document (valid 90 days), (2) a Form I-94 with temporary I-551 stamp and photograph for lawful permanent residents (valid until stamp expiration or one year), and (3) a Form I-94 with refugee admission stamp or "RE" notation (valid 90 days). You cannot accept receipts if employment will last less than three business days, and you cannot accept a receipt for an initial grant of employment authorization.

Do I need to be a document expert to complete Section 2?

No. USCIS explicitly states that employers are not expected to be document experts. The standard is reasonableness: accept documents that reasonably appear to be genuine and relate to the person presenting them. If you have questions about a specific document, contact the USCIS Form I-9 Contact Center or call the i9 Intelligence compliance team at (713) 668-6200.

Need Help with I-9 Document Verification?

i9 Intelligence has verified millions of Form I-9 documents across 30,000+ locations since 1998. Whether you need I-9 compliance software that automates document validation or a remote verification team that handles Section 2 for you, our compliance experts are here to help.

Questions about a specific document? Our compliance team is available Monday through Friday, 8 AM to 5 PM CT.
Phone: (713) 668-6200 Email: support@i-9intelligence.com Submit a ticket: i-9intelligence.com/submit-a-ticket